Drafting autocad cad floor plan existing electricalงาน

ด่วน!!! รับสมัคร freelance เขียนแบบ Shop drawing และ As Built drawing งานระบบ IP,Telephone,CCTV,Rack,RCU,Keycard holder (โครงการ ก่อสร้างโรงแรมย่านกทม.) รับงานไปทำเป็นJOB คุณสมบัติ 1. มีประสบการณ์งานเขียนแบบระบบ IP,Telephone,CCTV,Rack,RCU,Keycard holder 2. ใช้โปรแกรม Auto cad ในการเขียนแบบ 3. เขียนแบบรายละเอียด Shop drawing ตามที่ได้รับมอบหมายเพื่อใช้ในการทำงาน 4.มีความเข้าใจในรายละเอียดการเขียนแบบโครงสร้างและสถาปัตย์ 5.สามารถเขียนแบบแปลน,รูปด้าน,รูปตัด ได้ 6.จัดทำแบบ As built เพื่อส่งมอบให้ผู้ว่าจ้าง 7. มีความรับผิดชอบส่งงานตรงเวลา ไม่ต้องคอยตาม ติดต่อได้ตลอด และสามารถทำงานภายใต้ระยะเวลาที่จำกัดได้ 8. สามารถเดินทางเข้ามาพบ เพื่อคุยรายละเอียดงานได้เมื่อมีการนัดหมาย สถานที่ตั้งบริษัท ซอยสุขุมวิท 64 (ติด BTS ปุณณวิถี) , พระโขนงใต้, กรุงเทพฯ

การออกแบบระบบไฟฟ้า เขียนแบบ เซ็นแบบ และการออกแบบระบบแจ้งเหตุเพลิงไหม้ ระบบป้องกันฟ้าผ่า การประมานราคาระบบไฟฟ้า

...โชว์รูม โรงงาน คลังสินค้า งานสถาปัตยกรรมทุกประเภท ? รายละเอียดที่ต้องการ AUTOCAD PLAN / ELEVATION / SECTION BOARD / COLOR SCHEME / MOOD BOARD FURNITURE ? รายละเอียดราคาเพิ่มเติม รับทำภาพ PERSPECTIVE / 360 องศา PERSPECTIVE งานออกแบบสถาปัตยกรรมภายในและภายนอก - PERSPECTIVE ราคา 999 / 1999 / 2999 / 3999 / 4999 บาท (ราคาขึ้นอยู่กับความยากง่ายและความละเอียดของงาน) ❗️หมายเหตุ : สามารถแก้ไขงานได้ 3 ครั้ง หากแก้ไขเกิน 3 ครั้ง จะคิดราคาเพิ่มครั้งละ 500 บาท ✨ สิ่งที่ลูกค้าจะได้รับ ไฟล์ภาพ 3D EXTERIOR & INTERIOR PERSPECTIVE ความละเอียดของภาพ FULL HD 1920x1080px สกุล JPEG --------------------------------------------- ? รับทำ 3D ANIMATION งานสถาปัตยกรรม ? รายละเอียดที่ต้องการ AUTOCAD PLAN / ELEVATION / SECTION BOARD / COLOR SCHEME / MOOD BOARD

รับออกแบบเครื่องประดับ หรือขึ้นต้นแบบด้วยโปรแกรม 3D (Matrix) ไม่ว่าจะเป็น แหวน ต่างหู เข็มกลัด จี้ และอื่นๆ ราคาเริ่มต้นในการเขียนงานเริ่มต้นที่่ 500 บาท ขึ้นอยู่กับความยากง่ายของงาน ลูกค้าจะได้รับไฟล์ภาพงานสำเร็จ และไฟล์งานเขียนแบบเป็นไฟล์ Rhino ที่สามารถนำไปปริ้นงาน 3D ออกมาได้เลย และไฟล์ภาพที่ Render หรือแล้วแต่ลูกค้าสะดวกในการใช้งาน ระยะเวลาในการทำงานอย่างน้อย 1 วันขึ้นอยู่กับลักษณะงานที่รับทำ

รับออกแบบเครื่องประดับ หรือขึ้นต้นแบบด้วยโปรแกรม 3D (Matrix) ไม่ว่าจะเป็น แหวน ต่างหู เข็มกลัด จี้ และอื่นๆ ราคาเริ่มต้นในการเขียนงานเริ่มต้นที่่ 500 บาท ขึ้นอยู่กับความยากง่ายของงาน ลูกค้าจะได้รับไฟล์ภาพงานสำเร็จ และไฟล์งานเขียนแบบเป็นไฟล์ Rhino ที่สามารถนำไปปริ้นงาน 3D ออกมาได้เลย และไฟล์ภาพที่ Render หรือแล้วแต่ลูกค้าสะดวกในการใช้งาน ระยะเวลาในการทำงานอย่างน้อย 1 วันขึ้นอยู่กับลักษณะงานที่รับทำ

ต้องการ render ภาพสำหรับงานขาย home office 3.5 ชั้น 2 ยูนิต สำหรับงานขายต้อง ต้องการภาพภายนอก 2 ภาพ และภาพภายใน 5 ภาพ มี file skp ให้ ภายนอก ให้ และ floor plan dwg ให้ ต้องการภาพสมจริงมีแสงเงา ดูหรูหรา

ให้เขียนแบบบ้าน รูปด้าน รูปตัด ผังบริเวณ แบบก่อสร้าง เป็นงาน neo classic style รับงานเป็นjob มีทั้งบ้านพักอาศัยทั่วไป ราคาบ้าน3-4ล้านบาท บ้าน contemporary style classic style

ออกแบบสถาปัตยกรรม เงินเดือน 10,000 / เดือน ทดลองงาน 4 เดือน 6000 บาท / เดือน ไม่ต้องเข้าออฟฟิต ตรวจงานทุกวันอาทิตย์ งานต้องเสร็จตามกำหนด - สามารถทำ sketch Idea, design development - มีความคิด แตกต่าง - ใช้โปรแกรมต่างๆ ทางสถาปัตยกรรมได้ เช่น Auto Cad, 3DS Max, Sketch Up, V-Ray, Photoshop, Grasshopper ไม่จำเป็นต้องใช้เป็นทุกโปรแกรม แต่สามารถ นำมาประยุกต์ใช้ทำพรีเซนได้ วุฒิการศึกษา ขั้นต่ำ : กำลังศึกษาอยู่ หรือ ปริญญาตรี ในสาขาที่เกี่ยวข้อง

ทำโมเดล 3 มิติ ต้องการคนเขียนแบบ floor plan, seating plan แบบภาพเสมือนจริง มีถาพตัวจริง ต้องการเพียงวาดภาพสามมิติเหมือนจริงเพิ่มเท่านั้น

รับงานเขียนแบบบ้าน ดราฟแบบ โดยใช้โปรแกรม autocad

ยินดีให้คำปรึกษางานด้าน CAD/CAM จำหน่ายโปรแกรมลิขสิทธ์ Mastercam CAD/CAM Software in Thailand, ฝึกอบรมโปรแกรม MastercamX8, (Version under) Mill 3-5แกน, Lathe, wire, Edit post processor Mastercam

มีแบบรายละเอียดในรูป Auto cad แล้ว ต้องการเขียนแบบในรูปแบบ 3D เพื่อจัดทำในระบบ BIM

ร้่กาาพากนดททดยดมาเาดสดมทดสยดสดทดทาแดม

รับออกแบบเขียนแบบ Auto cad+3d max ด้านงานสถาปัตยกรรม ภายนอก+ภายใน

รับออกแบบเขียนแบบ Auto cad+3d max ด้านงานสถาปัตยกรรม ภายนอก+ภายใน

I'm searching for an experienced OpenEdx developer to help with the ideation for customization of our platform. My plan is to deliver skill-based courses to our audience. Key tasks include: - Identifying the module which are there in OpneEdx vanilla version - Identifying the modules which needs customization - Identifying the modules which needs configuration - Possible cost involved in INR Expertise in OpenEdx customization is a must, alongside a rich background in creating interactive modules Prior experience in setting up skill-based online courses is also advantageous.

I am in need of an experienced interior designer who can help to transform my residential space into a minimalistic haven, incorporating sustainable materials wherever possible. Requirements: - Proficiency in creating minimalistic residential interiors - Strong knowledge of sustainable materials and its appropriate use in designs - 2D & 3D images having proper measuremen...residential interiors - Strong knowledge of sustainable materials and its appropriate use in designs - 2D & 3D images having proper measurements Applicants with a deep understanding of sustainable design and minimalism will be highly favored. Strong project portfolio is a must. What I can provide to you: - Some basic guidelines for the designing - Some reference of how I want the things - Floor p...

As a company, we are in need of an experienced AutoCAD engineer who can efficiently carry out drafting and designing tasks, with a strong emphasis on 3D modeling of mechanical parts. Ideal expertise includes but is not limited to: - Proficiency in drafting and designing on AutoCAD. - Expert level 3D modeling skills, particularly in creating detailed, accurate models of mechanical parts. - Experience in using AutoCAD 2022 as we require the most updated and efficient designs. In this project, your main objective would be to translate our concepts into technical designs and 3D models that can be used for manufacturing mechanical parts. Only freelancers with a proven track record in similar projects will be considered. If you are adept at CAD file c...

I'm in need of an experienced individual who can assist me in updating and refining shop drawings for modern kitchen cabinets. Key Points...need of an experienced individual who can assist me in updating and refining shop drawings for modern kitchen cabinets. Key Points: - The job involves the conversion of preliminary drawings to detailed shop drawings for modern kitchen cabinets. - The ideal candidate should be capable of understanding and interpreting the existing drawings, and updating them to include all relevant details for construction and installation. Skills and Experience: - Proficiency in AutoCAD or similar software is a must. - Prior experience with cabinetry shop drawings is highly preferred. - Attention to detail and a good eye for design will be neces...

I have a series of handwritten documents that I need to have a digital backup for. I'm looking for a freelancer who can accurately type these documents into plain text format, without any fancy formatting. Key requirements include: - Transcribing handwritten documents into plain text format - Ensuring accuracy in transcription - Handling tables and charts within the...format - Ensuring accuracy in transcription - Handling tables and charts within the documents The ideal candidate for this project would have: - Strong attention to detail for accurate transcription - Previous experience with data typing, especially handwritten documents - Proficiency in handling tables and charts in text documents Please bid with your experience and an overview of how you plan to approac...

I am looking for an experienced tutor who can help me master the use of Fusion 360, specifically focusing on its CNC programming capacities. As I only have basic knowledge about CAD software, I need someone who can provide comprehensive instruction that is tailored for a beginner like me. My primary areas of interest are: - 3D Modeling - CAM functionality for CNC programming I aim to use Fusion 360 in the fields of product design, prototyping, and machining, so any related project experience or insight you have in these areas would be especially useful. Deep knowledge of Fusion 360 and practical experience with CAD and CNC programming are the ideal skills for this job. Your task would be to assist me in grasping the basics and gradually moving forward to more complex featur...

I'm looking for an experienced graphic designer who can work to enhance and digitize my current logo. The existing logo is currently in JPEG format. The primary task will be to clean up the existing design and prepare it for use in various formats such as business cards, shirts, and more. I have some references to guide your redesign, but creativity is also definitely welcomed. Ideal Skills: - Graphic design - Experience with digitizing logos - Creativity with design Any demonstrated experience in varied formats (print, apparel, etc.) will certainly be looked upon favorably. I'm excited to see how you might help my logo look sharper and more attractive.

I need an expert in the area of HVAC design to craft an efficient commercial system using AutoCAD. Prioritizing the system's energy efficiency is crucial. The ideal candidate for this job would: - Have vast knowledge and experience in HVAC system design - Be proficient in AutoCAD - Have a keen eye for energy-saving measures in HVAC systems - Have extensive commercial HVAC design experience - Understand latest trends in energy efficiency If you believe you meet these requirements and can deliver an efficient, state-of-the-art commercial HVAC system design, I encourage you to bid. Looking forward to your proposals.

I have an AutoCAD DWG file that I would like to be split up in order to save a particular page out of it in a new file. The specific page and any modifications required can be discussed. Key Requirements: - Splitting up an AutoCAD DWG file - Saving a specific page from the file Please note that the specific page I would like to save from the file is yet to be determined. Additionally, I am open to any suggestions regarding possible modifications that could be made to the page before it is saved. Your expertise and creativity in this area would be most welcome.

I'm on the lookout for an expert who can create a comprehensive quotation format for consultation services. The sole purpose of this project is to provide precise price estimates to my clientele. Hence, your proficiency in understanding and drafting cost estimates is key here. The quotation format I need should include two specific sections: - Service Description: A well-structured outline underlining the services offered. - Terms of Payment: Details on the payment structure and timeline. The perfect candidate would have excellent financial analysis skills to provide an accurate price estimate and outstanding attention to detail to compose the aforementioned sections. Additionally, prior experience in creating quotations for consultation-centric industries will be a major ...

...Necesitamos implementar los iguiente: Marketing y publicidad con las siguientes Puntuaiones. 1.- Plan de acción 2.- Auditoría de campaña actual 3.- Investigación del público objetivo 4.- Creación de contenido publicitario (Copy) 5.- Configuración de campaña 6.- Optimización de campaña 7.- Informe analítico de anuncios 8.- Anunios en 3 Plataformas (Facebook ADs, Tiktok, Google ADs) 9.- Asesoramiento contínuo. P. D. Queremos que trabaje con el personal a cargo, administrando desde nuestra cuenta. sufrimos bloqueos por pasar los accesos a frilancers y por seguridad queremos que le guie de la mano a nuestro personal. Nosotros prepararemos parte del contenido Grafico y Videos. lo que queremos es, el...

...an expert to create a floor design for a medium-sized office, a space around 840 sqft. I will give the layout mentioning the size as well, you just need to design it in Autocad and provide the .dwg file so that if required, we can modify. I can do it by myself but got stuck with another one. More similar work will follow if you do it correctly, quickly and under my budget. Payment by freelancer.com site only. What I will give: #1: Floor plan layout #2: Electrical layout (based on the floor plan ) #3: Light plan layout (based on the floor plan ) What you have to do: #1: Convert Floor plan in AutoCad #2: Convert electrical layout in autocad (based on the floor plan, a...

...need of a professional who can revamp my Shopify website for enhanced SEO, aiming for top visibility on Google. I also require assistance in attracting international customers through search engine advertising. Key Tasks: - SEO Optimization: Your prime focus will be on driving organic traffic through effective keyword optimization. - International Advertising: Develop and implement a strategic plan for search engine advertising, targeting customers globally. Ideal Skills: - Proven experience with Shopify SEO enhancement and international advertising. - Proficient in SEO techniques and tools for Shopify websites. - Expertise in setting up and managing international search engine advertising campaigns. Please note, my primary goal is to increase both visibility and sales, p...

I have the dimensions of a waterwheel design that will be laser cut from aluminium. I need someone to turn by hand drawn designs into a Solidworks CAD file.

I'm in need of an architect to design a single-story building for services with a contemporary style. The project will involve creating both the floor plan and exterior design. Key Requirements: - Architectural Floor Plan: You'll be required to create a comprehensive floor plan that maximizes space and functionality. The layout should be suitable for a single-story residential building. - Exterior Design: The design should reflect a contemporary style, incorporating modern elements and aesthetics. Ideal Skills and Experience: - Proven experience in residential architectural design, especially single-story buildings. - Strong understanding of contemporary architecture, with a portfolio that showcases similar projects. - Proficiency in us...

I'm in need of a skilled professional who can convert an images into a DXF file optimized / symmetrical for CNC cutting. Key Requirements: - Expertise in DXF conversion: I specifically need the conversion to be high-detail, including all fine features of the original image, to ensure the CNC cutting is accurate and precise. Ideal Skills and Experience: - Proficiency in CAD software: You should be adept at using CAD software and have a keen eye for detail to ensure nothing is lost in translation from the image. - Prior experience with CNC and laser cutting: An understanding of how these machines operate and the requirements for their files is essential for this project.

I'm in need of a proficient and experienced electrical engineer to design an analog audio circuit for mixing multi-channel signals sourced from line level feeds. This will require expertise in designing robust and low-noise analog audio circuits capable of dealing effectively with multiple audio inputs. Ideal Skills and Experience: • Proficiency in electronic circuit design, specifically analog audio circuits. • Experience with handling multi-channel signals. • Familiarity with line level audio signal processing and mixing. We need an engineer with deep experience in high-end analog circuit design using low noise operational amplifiers. We will provide basic diagrams and objectives. The project involves high quality op amps and line drivers for an audio routin...

I'm looking for a skilled artist familiar with AI image services such as Midjourney to create ultra-realistic images of an office. The design should represent a contemporary style, tailored with the following specifics: * The office should include modern furniture. * Our comp...should include modern furniture. * Our company logo should be prominently placed in a tasteful position within the design. * The color scheme should focus on high tech blue green. Perfect candidates will have a keen eye for detail and a strong grasp of contemporary office aesthetics. A portfolio showing similar work completed in the past is a plus. To avoid generic proposals, please include how you plan to incorporate our logo into the design in your bid. Looking forward to seeing your creative ideas o...

I'm in need of a Termageddon expert to help enhance the legal compliance of my website. Revisions must include: - Drafting an ironclad terms of service agreement - Creating a thorough privacy policy - Adding any other necessary policies Ideal candidates should have a deep understanding of managing and protecting user data in compliance with global standards, as my site does collect personal information. Although specific information types were not disclosed, expertise in handling sensitive data is paramount. Your comprehensive knowledge of online legal requirements influences the credibility and trust of my platform. Let's work together to make it secure, transparent and legally compliant.

I need an English writer needed Budget: CAD$10 - 15 per article

I'm looking for an expert to create and manage my business's Facebook page. The primary purpose of this page is to promote my pet-related business. I plan on posting a variety of content, including photos/videos, articles/blogs, and promotions/offers. Your main tasks will include: - Crafting engaging and relevant content - Managing promotions and offers - Responding to comments and messages - Monitoring page insights and adjusting strategies The ideal freelancer for this job should have: - Experience in managing business pages on Facebook - Strong writing and graphic design skills - Understanding of social media marketing - Knowledge of pet industry trends and audience preferences Your creativity and expertise will be pivotal in attracting and engaging a wide range of ...

... empresariales. 1.2- Buscar informar a los posibles clientes que es lo que nosotros hacemos y informar sobre nuestros productos. 2- trabajar de la mano con los diseñadores proponiendo un plan de trabajo para el diseño de los artes y contenido audiovisual a utilizar 2.1- proponer y idear ideas creativas y frescas para el manejo de posibles clientes 3- Ejecutar con exito la campaña publicitaria y cumplir los objetivos de esta buscando obtener los mejores resultados para la empresa. Requisitos: -Presentar una propuesta formal del plan que se llevara a cabo. -Reuniones via meet o teams para discutir los temas importantes con el equipo. -La persona encargada tiene que tener un manejo del idioma español...

We are looking for someone to create a preliminary site plan for a potential apartment development project. The site is 8.5 net acres and we are looking for a site plan that can show the development with : 1. 30 DU/acre ( total 255 units) laid out with streets and walkways onto the land parcel site. 2. 3 story garden style walk up project 3. Unit count: 20% one bed (738 SF), 65% two bed (988 SF) and 15% three bed (1200 SF). Site plan needs to be laid over the aerial of the land parcel. Example attached, This example is more detailed than what we are looking for. We are looking for the layout and positioning of the major buildings. We do not need to get into setback or parking requirements at this time. In addition to the site plan, we would like one architect...

As I step into the world of dropshipping, I'm looking for a Shopify specialist who can help me set up my store and navigate the intricacies of this business model. Key Requirements: - Shopify Expertise: Extensive experience in setting up and managing Shopify stores is a must. - Product Range: I plan to sell a variety of products, ranging from electronics to fashion and home and garden items. Therefore, you should be comfortable working across multiple product categories. - Shipping Strategy: While I aim to offer free shipping, I also want to provide a standard shipping option. Your expertise in setting up and optimizing these shipping strategies will be crucial for my store's success. Your role will encompass setting up the store, integrating essential apps, and guiding ...

...Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. The services I need help with include: - Preparing the application documents - Lodging the application with NDIS - Getting approved and registered I have not yet started the registration process, so I am seeking someone who can guide me through this step by step. It's important that the individual has prior experience with NDIS registration and approval processes. I plan on commencing operations as an NDIS Service Provider within the next 6 months, so I am looking for a freelancer who can commit to helping me meet this timeline. Ideal skills and experience for the job: - Previous experience in setting up NDIS Service Provider businesses - In-depth knowledge of the NDIS registration process - Proven track record of successfully getting NDI...

I need a comprehensive website created for my small handyman business which offers plumbing, electrical and carpentry services. Specific features the website needs to include are: - An online booking system that allows customers to schedule our services. - Detailed descriptions and visuals for each service we offer - plumbing, electrical, and carpentry. The ideal freelancer for this job would have experience building e-commerce websites, particularly with a booking feature. Proficiency in web design to accurately capture the essence of my services is also needed.

I need a skilled and experienced fabricator to create a steel enclosure panel for me. - Material: The enclosure panel should be made from steel. - Function: The primary function of this panel will be to serve as an electrical housing. - Finish: The enclosure panel should be finished with a powder coating. The ideal freelancer for this task should have a solid understanding of metal fabrication, particularly working with steel, and experience in creating custom electrical housings. It is important that they are able to adhere to the specified finish requirements, in this case, a powder coating.

I'm looking for someone with proficiency in AutoCAD to create a design for a two-story house I have in mind. Your design expertise should consider the following: - Two Floors: The design should feature a two-level living space. - Priority Areas: Special emphasis should be placed on designing spacious living areas, bedrooms, and outdoor spaces. With AutoCAD as our primary design software, your expertise in creating detailed and organized drafts is crucial. It would be advantageous if you have a background in architecture or interior design, particularly with past projects that highlight functional residential spaces. Please share your portfolio or examples of your work when you bid. Let's create a remarkable home together.

I'm looking for a domain broker who can assist me in selling my domain as soon as possible. Key Responsibilities: - Listing the domain on reputable marketplaces and managing the sales process - Researching potential buyers and reaching out to them directly - Using your expertise to maximize the domain's visibility and value Ideal Skil...Using your expertise to maximize the domain's visibility and value Ideal Skills and Experience: - Proven track record of successfully selling domains - Strong understanding of domain marketplaces and sales strategies - Excellent communication and negotiation skills - Ability to work towards a tight deadline Please provide examples of domains you've sold in the past and outline the strategies you plan to use to sell my domain q...

A custom-created software package that creates a 2D population of pod components across a house foundation plan. All the information you need to quote on this project is on the attached outline.

I'm i...architecture or design - Previous work in RV park planning or similar is advantageous - Understanding of spatial principles, specifically around layout configuration - Ability to generate plans in a linear arrangement Deliverables: 1. Complete Site Design and Layout: The main focus is the RV slot configuration which has to follow a linear arrangement. 2. Detailed Blueprint: Submit a comprehensive plan showing the proposed layout that adheres to the specs and requirements stated. 3. Virtual Simulation (If Possible): Presenting a 3D model or any virtual simulation of the planned site design would be beneficial though not compulsory. This project promises to be exciting and I look forward to engaging creative minds who love orderliness and are knowledgeable about the RV...

I am seeking a registered Texas PE (Professional Engineer) or Licensed Firm to endorse Structural and Electrical drawing that has been completed for a Steel Modular Building.

I'm in need of a structural design for my residential property. The structure should be designed to be one floor in height. I'd prefer a G+2 foundation type, that is, a structure with a Ground floor and 2 upper floors. Key Requirements: - Create a structural design for a single floor residential property - Implement a G+2 foundation (Ground floor + 2 upper floors) Ideal Skills and Experience: - Professional experience in structural design, particularly for residential projects - Proficiency with architectural design software to create detailed plans - Strong understanding of building codes and regulations, particularly for residential properties

I am looking for a freelancer who specializes in architectural design and CAD modeling. Requirements: - Experience in architectural design and CAD modeling - Ability to create detailed architectural plans and models from scratch - Proficiency in CAD software such as AutoCAD or SketchUp - Knowledge of architectural principles and See examples first Project Details: - The project involves creating architectural designs and CAD models for a building project. - The client has existing drawings and models that they would like to use as a starting point. - The freelancer will be responsible for adapting some elements of the existing drawings/models. - 3D rendering services will also be required to create realistic visualizations of the

I'm in need of an experienced AutoCAD professional who can help me prepare for my upcoming technical drawing exam(9 May at 9am turkey time). Key Requirements: - I require a set of 3D, orthographic, and isometric technical drawings. These will be used for exam preparation purposes, so they should be clear, detailed, and accurate to relevant industry standards. Ideal Skills and Experience: - Strong expertise in AutoCAD, particularly in creating technical drawings - Understanding of the principles of technical drawing and the ability to translate these into realistic, detailed models - Previous experience in educational materials or exam preparation is a plus, but not mandatory.