Hello I am a Unix system developer (also Mac OS, which is also Unix).
I have created applications and drivers that support various hardware - USB Power Metering devices, programmable electrical sockets, USB printers. Some of the devices were CDC-compliant (which most likely your modems are).
Back, when dial up was popular, I also worked with a dial up modem on Linux (although it was connected via RS-232 back then), using AT-commands and setting up a PPP connection from a script.
I assume the connected modems are recognized as a "communication device class" by the kernel? Are all the modems of the same model? What is the brand and the model?
What Linux distribution are you using?
I would be happy to help you with the project.